ICs

Linear ICs (Chips used for analogue electronics)

Digital chips

The 74 series logic is divided up into families. The family is indicated by the letters after the 74. For example there are several different NAND gates available 7400, 74LS00, 74HCT00 and 74HC00, all of these chips have the same pinout but have slight electrical differences.
The 7400 (TTL) is the original TTL logic family, it needs quite a lot of power to operate and is relatively slow to change state.
The 74LS00 (low power schottky)is faster than the original TTL and uses less power, 74 and 74LS chips can be used together.
The 74HC00 (high speed CMOS) is faster than the LS uses much less power but has slightly different logic thresholds so should not be used with 74 or 74LS series chips.
The 74HCT00 (high speed CMOS, TTL compatible) is designed to be used with the both the old logic 74 and 74LS series and the new 74HC series.

A Microsoft Word document containing common 74 series pin outs is available here.

Note: Dual means there are 2 gates in the chip, Quad means there are 4 gates in the chip and Hex means there are 6 gates in the chip

Function	Part number	Datasheets
Timer chip	NE555	Fairchild Semiconductor NE555 ST NE555 ST TS555C (low power)
Quad 2-input NAND gate	74xx00	Fairchild Semiconductor
Quad 2-input NOR gate	74xx02	Fairchild Semiconductor
Hex NOT gate	74xx04	Fairchild Semiconductor
Quad 2-input AND gate	74xx08	Fairchild Semiconductor
Hex Schmitt trigger NOT gate	74xx14	Fairchild Semiconductor
Dual  4-input NAND gate	74xx20	Fairchild Semiconductor
Quad 2-input OR gate	74xx32	Fairchild Semiconductor
BCD to 7-segment decoder	74xx47	Fairchild Semiconductor
Dual D-type flip-flop	74xx74	Fairchild Semiconductor
4-bit magnitude comparator	74xx85	Fairchild Semiconductor
Quad 2-input XOR gate	74xx86	Fairchild Semiconductor
4 bit Counter	74xx93	QMW college Fairchild Semiconductor
Quad 3-state buffer	74xx125	Fairchild Semiconductor
13-input NAND gate	74xx133	Fairchild Semiconductor
Dual 4-input multiplexer	74xx153	Fairchild Semiconductor
Quad 2-input multiplexer	74xx157	Fairchild Semiconductor
Shift register (serial to parallel)	74xx164	Fairchild Semiconductor
Shift register (parallel to serial)	74xx165	Fairchild Semiconductor
4 bit Latch	74xx175	Fairchild Semiconductor
4-bit up/down counter	74xx193	Fairchild Semiconductor
BCD to 7-segment display decoder	74xx4511	Texas Instruments

Microcontrollers

The microcontrollers we mainly use are:
 

Part	Datasheets
AVR AT90S2313	Atmel
AVR ATtiny2313	Atmel
AVR AT90S8515	Atmel
AVR ATmega16	Atmel
PICAXE-18	PICAXE
PICs	Microchip

Components